MADRID, SPAIN | Antisemitic incidents in Spain increased by 14.5% during 2025 as anti-Jewish hostility became increasingly embedded in public, educational, cultural and online spaces, according to a new report from two Spanish organizations.
The Federation of Jewish Communities of Spain and Movement Against Intolerance documented 221 antisemitic incidents during the year, compared with 193 in 2024.
The Report on Antisemitism in Spain 2025 was presented in Madrid on Sept. 2.
The organizations warned that antisemitism was no longer appearing only through isolated incidents but was becoming normalized across different areas of Spanish society.
October, September and July recorded the highest numbers of incidents.
Hostility Toward Israel Directed at Jews
The report identified verbal attacks, threats, harassment, vandalism, boycotts and criminal hate offences among the incidents documented during 2025.
It also described the growing use of Israel as a focal point for hostility that was subsequently directed at Jewish individuals, Jewish communities and organizations associated with Israel.
The report examined what it called an obligation placed upon Jews to declare a position on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
According to the organizations, Jewish people in academic, cultural and professional environments were pressured in some cases to denounce Israel as a condition for acceptance, participation or continued inclusion.
The Federation and Movement Against Intolerance said the sharp increase that followed Hamasโs Oct. 7, 2023, massacre in Israel had not been temporary.
Instead, the organizations said, the figures for 2025 demonstrate that the rise in antisemitism has persisted.
The joint Observatory of Antisemitism called for a stronger institutional response before hostility toward Jews becomes further entrenched in everyday life.
Government Figures Also Show Sharp Increase
Spainโs Interior Ministry separately recorded 69 antisemitic criminal offences and related hate incidents during 2025.
That represented an 86.5% increase from the 37 recorded in 2024. The ministry recorded 23 such cases in 2023.
Spainโs security forces investigated 2,417 hate crimes and related incidents across all categories during 2025, an increase of 23.6% from the previous year and the highest total since national recording began in 2014.
Of those cases, 2,242 were classified as hate crimes, while 175 involved administrative violations or other hate-related incidents.
The Interior Ministryโs figures are contained in its annual report on hate crimes and incidents.
Different Figures Reflect Different Methodologies
The difference between the 221 incidents documented by Jewish community organizations and the 69 cases recorded by the Interior Ministry does not necessarily represent a contradiction.
The Federation of Jewish Communities of Spain and Movement Against Intolerance use a broader community-monitoring model that can include verbal harassment, discrimination, boycotts, online abuse, and other incidents that might not be reported to police or meet the legal threshold for a criminal hate offence.
The Interior Ministry relies on incidents reported to or formally identified by law-enforcement agencies.
Community monitoring can therefore capture conduct that remains outside the criminal-justice system.
Underreporting also remains a concern because victims may fear retaliation, believe that filing a complaint will accomplish little or feel reluctant to publicly identify themselves as Jewish.
Despite their different methodologies, both datasets show the same underlying trend.
Antisemitic incidents recorded by Jewish organizations rose by 14.5%, while cases investigated by Spanish authorities rose by 86.5%.
The community organizations warned that institutional passivity and the dismissal of antisemitism when expressed through anti-Israel language could allow hostility toward Jews to become increasingly accepted.
Their report calls for improved education, stronger enforcement, better monitoring, and a clear rejection of efforts to hold Spanish Jews collectively responsible for the actions of Israel.
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